Dance is a sport Essay Example for Free

Move is a game Essay I. Presentation: an) Attention Getter: What is the meaning of a game? A game played with a ball? Is it individuals in close jeans going around? What about â€Å"an athletic action requiring aptitude or physical ability and frequently of a serious nature†? That sounds progressively like it. Football, baseball, and track fit those definitions, yet so does another recreational action that isn't ordinarily viewed as a game: move. b) Personal Statement: I myself am an artist and have been moving as long as I can remember. Being an artist, one of the most exceedingly awful things anybody can say is that move isn't a game and I need to refute them. Progress: Dance fits every one of those prerequisites. An athletic movement? Goodness no doubt! Requiring expertise or physical ability? Unquestionably! Frequently of a serious sort? Of course! Move is even perceived as a game by the International Olympic Committee. At that point for what reason is this â€Å"fine art† not thought about a game? II. Move is an athletic action. a) The game of move takes long periods of preparing and difficult work to consummate. Indeed, I said sport. Albeit some accept that moving is just tutus and whirling, it is an intellectually captivating and genuinely requesting movement. b) Dance is quite like one of the most mainstream sports in the United States: football. In the two exercises, competitors are doled out explicit occupations, jobs, or positions. Each follows arranged plays. The two kinds of competitors travel utilizing certain means or passes. Comparable, correct? III. Move requires ability or physical ability. a) One contrast among move and most games is simply the manner in which the competitors present. During a tennis match, the players snort and moan when hitting the ball to show everybody how hard they are functioning. Be that as it may, artists should consistently look agile and light as a plume. The best artists can make the most troublesome moves look easy. It takes bunches of training to consummate those moves and make them look simple. This is the reason move is a psychological game too. b) Dr. Jill McNitt-Gray, a teacher in kinesiology (the logical investigation of development) at the University of Southern California, has worked with national victors and Olympic gold medalists. Through her work with proficient formal dancers, she found that an artist doing the jive can arrive at foot velocities of 15 miles 60 minutes. Also, an artist can turn up to multiple times in a moment †multiple times quicker than a stereo! c) Balance is a fundamental piece of move. Artists must have solid center muscles. Men need solid shoulders for lifts, since they should bolster their own body weight as well as their accomplices. â€Å"Dancers are probably the hardest competitors in the world,† claims Dr. McNitt-Gray. IV. Move is a serious nature. a) Many ask, â€Å"How can move be a game? You cannot decide on schedule and the scoring is abstract! † Just like professional skaters, serious artists are decided on numerous rules: procedure, act, timing, line, hold, balance, fellowship, articulation, introduction, force, and foot or leg activity. Artists have a ton on their psyches while performing. They are continually asking themselves, am I expanding accurately? Is my strategy right? Is my head confronting the correct bearing? b) Some individuals think move includes less perseverance than sports like crosscountry running. In any case, these sprinters apply powers in just a single heading at the same time, as Dr. McNitt-Gray stated, in move, your hands, legs, and head are applying powers in various ways all simultaneously. c) Dance is a cardiovascular, vigorous, and testing sport. Numerous expert competitors, including previous Pittsburgh Steeler wide collector Lynn Swann, move to improve their adaptability. Move fits all the prerequisites of a game, and has the physical and mental difficulties of a game, too. V. Determination: a) Main Points: Just like some other game, move is an athletic action that requires ability or physical ability and is frequently a serious nature. b) Ending Statement: If you are shaking your head thinking, this young ladies insane, get up off your seat and attempt it yourself. In the interim, I anticipate the day I may have the option to remain on that Olympic stage and get a gold award for the game of move. Sources and References 1. Educator of Kinesiology, Jill McNitt-Gray. College of South California http://www.worlddancesport. organization/About/All/Fit_Through_Dance 2. Pittsburgh Steeler wide beneficiary Lynn Swann, By Joe Horrigan. Graciousness of the Pro Football Hall of Fame http://www. profootballresearchers. organization/Coffin_Corner/23-03-895. pdf 3. The Mayo Clinic, a distributed clinical diary. The Health Benefits of Dancing Including Specific Benefits of Different Dances. http://www. sixwise. com/pamphlets/05/11/02/the_health_benefits_of_dancing__including_specific_benefits_of_different_dances. htm 4. Santa Clause Rosa High, The Press Democrat. The extraordinary discussion: is move a game? http://teenlife. websites. pressdemocrat. com/11749/the-incredible discussion is-move a-sport/.

Student Achievements - Global Revisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Understudy Achievements - Global Revisions - Essay Example The examination reasons that every one of these elements assume a significant job in deciding a student’s accomplishment in school. Every instructive foundation have the point of advancing understudy accomplishment. There are various components that decidedly or adversely influence the accomplishment of understudies. These incorporate social, monetary, natural and political elements. In students’ accomplishment, various people need to pull powers to guarantee that the procedure is fruitful. These people incorporate instructors, guardians and understudies. This paper examinations the constructive outcomes of various variables that influence students’ accomplishment. A student’s accomplishment is affected by a few factors, for example, class size, family, inspiration, teacher’s mentalities, a school’s culture and sex and consequently educators should place these components into point of view when instructing. Net (2009) contends that understudy commitment in learning is a significant factor in their prosperity (Gross, 2009). Understudies can participate in the learning procedure through accommodation of assignments and consenting to educators guidelines. Another type of students’ commitment in the learning procedure is class participation. An instructor goes about as a guide towards students’ commitment in class. The instructor should, in this manner, plan a system through which understudies can ceaselessly take part in the learning procedure. One route through which an educator can guarantee student’s investment is by distinguishing singular contrasts among his students. Utilization of inquiries and answers has been recognized as a standout amongst other technique for connecting with understudies during the time spent learning (Capel and Whitehead, 2010). This strategy targets improving the learning ability of understudies and, instructors are urged to concentrate mo re on open finished inquiries. Such inquiries empower thinking and consequently empower understudies to accomplish better outcomes regardless of whether the understudies don't respond to the inquiries (Kim, 2010). Instructors who guarantee viable

Shakespeares Presentation of Isabella - Literature Essay Samples

Different audiences respond to Isabella in different ways. Show how Shakespeares presentation of Isabella could lead to a wide range of responses.The mere mention of Isabellas name appears to strike indignant fear into the heart of the literary critic. Her character divides them into factions of warring interpretations, just as her moral dilemma divides an audience. In the words of Quiller-Couch, critics make two opposite women of her, and praise or blame her accordingly. As Measure For Measure has aged, new dimensions of moral outrage and blind exoneration have added to this complexity, which is, in essence, the confused reactions of writers and audiences to Isabellas decision in the face of Angelos sadism.To the esteemed Quiller-Couch (1922), there is a rancid element in Isabellas chastity brought to the surface when she turns into a bare procuress substituting Marianna shamed body for her own. He highlights the divide between Isabellas morally righteous choice and her own de plorable self-preservation. Rosalind Miles (1976) also remarks on her unscrupulous readiness to place another head on the block intended for herself after the unshakeable righteousness of her decision to refuse Angelo. This could, perhaps, be seen as evidence of Isabellas fall from grace. Is it possible that she came to the wrong conclusion in the face of her dilemma?Mary Suddard (1909) has arrived at an entirely contrary conclusion in the face of the same play. She describes how Isabella is a representation of Puritanism under its most favourable aspect intense in its moderation, passionate in its self-control. This peculiarly Puritan paradox is confronted with real life and the full consequences of human frailty and immorality, before reaching a new moral high ground where Isabellas early nunnery training has been not only transcended but unconsciously condemned. The lofty rules of Isabellas faith are transformed into narrow constraints, just as the locked doors and walled ga rdens of her abode are, as the play closes, about to be replaced by the Dukes palace of light.Many critics are swift to condemn Isabella for her triumphant preservation of chastity (Ellis-Fermor 1936). More shocking to Mrs Lennox in 1753 was Isabellas abuse of her brother:That torrent of abusive language, those coarse and unwomanly reflections on the virtue of her mother, her exulting cruelty to the dying youth are the manners of an affected prude, outrageous in her seeming virtue; not a of a pious, innocent, and tender mind.Mrs Lennox proclaims Isabella a vixen for her cruelty and ferocity in Act 3, and perhaps she is correct in thinking that, whatever her distress, Isabellas rage at doomed Claudios desperate attempts to save his life could not be exonerated. Nevertheless, J. W. Lever (1965) has tried, pointing out that this is her second male solicitation in a short space of time, and the trusted brother on whom she was relying for rescue betrays her, dashing her hopes of salvati on. Thus the once clear waters of social acceptance are muddied again. He does however, suggest that though Isabella pleads for her brothers life, her actions are against her true convictions, contriving to comment on the extremely unusual form of Isabellas mercy plea. Far from attempting to vindicate her brother, she questions Angelos fitness to judge other human beings, and pleads the principle of mercy.Go and ask your heart what it doth know thats like my brothers fault. If it confess a natural guiltiness let it not sound a thought upon your tongue against my brothers life.Although a argument relevant to Angelos later revelations, it is still strange that Isabella foes not address the mitigating circumstances of Claudios case, and thus make more a feature of the distinction between civil betrothal and holy wedlock introduced as a theme earlier. F. R. Levis (1952), Harriet Hawkins (1978), S. Moore (1982), R. A. Levin (1982), Ronald Huebert (1983), and Carolyn E. Brown (1986) have all presented a more damning explanation. Moore remarks that Isabellas persuasions to Angelo have a strong unconscious sexual suggestiveness, and Hawkins describes Isabella as a counterpart of Angelos hypocrisy in her professed hatred of sex and unrealised keen appetite. It is Brown, however, who takes the hypothesis to its fullest extent, basing her interpretation of Isabella as a sexual masochist unconsciously offering herself in fantasy to a sadistic Angelo. Brown is keen to stress Isabellas helpless postures before Angelo, how her plea is based on the possibility of Angelo feeling lust, and the graphic envisioning of her violation which could be extrapolated from Act 2 sc. iv lines 100-104. Here Angelos shocking transformation from purity to perversity is more understandable is Isabellas innocent suggestiveness and inadvertent sexual invitations acts as a stimulus to Angelos overwrought imagination (Miles.)It is, however, perhaps worth remembering here the hatred of the Puritans for contemporary playhouses and vice versa. Puritans claimed that plays set examples of immorality; that such conventions as the playing of women by boys encouraged perverse and lascivious thoughts; that on Sundays the theatres seduced the people from church attendance, and that the public playhouses were haunts of the dissolute and lecherous. When the Puritans came to power in 1642 following the revolution, one of their first moves was to close the theatres completely. Isabella and Angelo, as symbols of Puritanism, would hardly be treated sympathetically by Shakespeare, but were more likely to be turned into ridiculous figures of fun like poor Malvolio for their rigidity.Conversely, R. W. Chambers (1939) suggested that to a fifteenth-century audience, Isabellas fanaticism was well understood in Shakespeares day as necessary and swift action in a stern age. Martyrs were commonplace and the Smithfield fires were still in living memory. Isabellas cruelty to her brother might have been better received four hundred years ago.Critics have yet to reach a consensus on Isabellas moral dilemma, J. C. Maxwell (1949) even going so far as to declare it irrelevant, unimportant, and undramatic. Her unattractive moral grandeur (Mrs Jameson 1832) was interpreted by M. Doran (1954) as superior strength and nobility of character; and by J. Masefield (1911) as an obsessive fire of white generosity and Puritanism equating to Angelos religious fervour. W. Temple felt her preservation of chastity was the only theologically right thing to do, and A. E. Taylor (1901) argued that it was impossible to pass moral judgement on Isabella. Shakespeares ambiguity makes this character impossible to define. However, this does not seem to stop critics from trying.

What Is Black Art - 1733 Words

Black Art What is Black art? Black Art is â€Å"cultural production informed by standards of creativity and beauty and aspired by and reflective of people s life experiences and life aspirations† (Karenga, 1980:80). According to Evans (1979:37), Why is it called Black art? â€Å"...It is called Black art because it is saturated with the experience and behavior patterns of the people for whom it is created and because its substance is functional.† So, according to Karenga and Evans Black art is an art and any art if it is made based a Black person s life. Africa artist was carvers of wood, ivory and bone, sculptors in stone, clay, bronze, gold and iron. Slaves struggled for their freedom and all they had was their art. Even thought Whites most†¦show more content†¦I like to believe that art was a way for Blacks to express their pain, hopefulness, and love that everything Black wanted and could just outright say was put into art; therefore, art was a happy place even tho ugh it expressed pain but in pain there is its own beauty. DuBois (1925:53) stated that even though Black art has both personal and universal aspects, that those two things are â€Å"combined with certain groups compulsion.† meaning that there was a Black person that spoke for the group through art. His thoughts would lead to black Aesthetic. Slavery lasted for many years and when the time came for to Blacks became free physically it seems that Blacks minds were free as well. By the 1960s, Blacks wanted self-determination and a separate status and independence. This was called Black Aesthetic. Black Aesthetic had two meanings. First, it was used to mean that the inspirations and influences of Black art could be identified. Secondly, it meant that Black art could not only be judged in terms of its creativity and beauty, but also for its social relevance. This concept is argued over this today by two schools: the detached-art school and the committed art school. The detached-a rt school, Ellison (1966) and Redding (1966) believes that art is just what it is about the art, not race and politics, that yes art is universal and personal but not black. Then you have the committed art school that believes the opposite. Langston Hughes and Richard

The Zodiac Killer Long Time Mystery Solved - 1199 Words

The Zodiac Killer: Long Time Mystery Solved Several innocent lives were taken away by the Zodiac Killer who roamed the streets of northern California, the identity of the murderer remaining unknown until now. Investigations have been put into motion for years, but this serial killer has left no trail to follow. For a long time, the general public believed Joseph Newton Chandler III committed the crimes, while others created their own theories and accused Untied States Senator Ted Cruz. Although several people believe that the Zodiac Killer is Ted Cruz or Newton Chandler III, it can be proven by valid evidence that it was actually Earl Van Best, Jr. The Zodiac Killer is an infamous serial killer first reported in California around the late 1960s to early 1970s. This psychotic criminal committed the murder of thirty-seven innocent citizens, although only about five have the police investigated. He has sent the police department clipped letter notes and personal items of his victims. The identity of this executioner remained a mystery for several years until the year of 2014 when the truth came out. Contrary to popular belief, Ted Cruz is not the Zodiac Killer. It is impossible to accuse Cruz of being the Zodiac Killer as these crimes occurred in early 1970s and he was born in the year of 1970. It is a coincidence that Ted Cruz appears to have a few similar face structures as all human beings share similar physical characteristics. This is not enough supporting evidence dueShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at the Zodiac Killer1610 Words   |  6 Pages The Zodiac Killer is one of the greatest unsolved serial killer mysteries, after Jack the Ripper. There were 2,500 suspects, but the case was never solved. The Zodiac’s first known victim is Cheri Jo Bates. His first letter, Confession, mentioned Cheri and said, â€Å" she is not the first and she will not be the last†. Six months after Cheri’s death, the killer sent copies of the letters to the Riverside Press, the police, and her dad. Since the killer knew her dad, the police thought that CheriRead MoreAmerican Myths and Mysteries Essay2813 Words   |  12 Pagesinteresting mysteries that have not been solved and myths passed down from generation to generation. No one knows what caused these myths to come about or why these mysteries were never solved, but they are a very interesting part of American history. From mysteries involving serial killers to myths about mysterious creatures, there is a wide range of the unknown that many people, except for witnesses, have never heard about. Now let’s take a look into some of the most fantastic myths and mysteries in AmericaRead MoreEssay on The Zodiac Killer2 094 Words   |  9 PagesThe Zodiac Killer The late 1960’s and early 1970’s were a time of great change in America. The Vietnam War, the civil rights movement and the sexual revolution were just some of the issues on the evening news in American households. For citizens of the San Francisco Bay area, as well as the rest of California, the late 60’s early 70’represented terror, fear and death. â€Å"The bizarre and theatrical and still unresolved serial murders by real-life ghoul who called himself Zodiac, who claimed inRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesMoreover, modern business marketing activities are to a large extent, a consequence of the societal view of marketing. The essence of marketing is a transaction, an exchange intended to satisfy human needs or wants. Consequently, marketing occurs any time on societal limit strive to exchange something of value with another social unit. Marketing consists of all the activities to facilitate the exchange. Within this soci etal perspective, then (1) the makers (2) what they are marketing and (3) their potentialRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesa Decision as a Critical Thinker Imagine this situation. You are on a four-day backpacking trip in a national wilderness area with your friends Juanita and Emilio. The summer weathers great, the scenery is exotic, and youve been having a good time. Yesterday you drove several hours into the area and parked in the main parking lot. Then you hiked six hours to your present campsite. The three of you carried all your food, water, sleeping bags, and tents. Last night you discovered that somebody

Collaborations In Architecture Engineering -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Collaborations In Architecture Engineering? Answer: Introduction One of the key roles of engineer is supervision of the projects. This ensures that the projects are able to meet the design standards. Once I was involved in the supervision of project implementation, it proved to be an important role for engineers since it ensured that the quality of project is high (Aybet Moore 2010). In addition, engineers are expected to design these projects and ensure that they supervise their implementation to the set standards. As students, engineers are able to learn about the importance of these roles at university level. Integrity and ethical conduct are some of key values which engineers have to uphold while delivering their roles. Understanding the team during project implementation are some of key characteristics needed for engineers. Having the knowledge of roles of engineers helps to deliver projects within the different specifications. Proper coordination of team members is important aspect I will implement in projects during supervision. How have your views of engineering changed? What new tasks do you expect to perform as an engineer in Australia? What new competencies do you realise that you need to have? Now what would you say is the value that you add in an engineering organisation? Engineering is dynamic and engineers take different roles to implement different tasks. Engineers have to understand how to quantify materials in projects. Some of the important roles of engineers in Australia include carrying out designs for projects. In addition engineers are required to measure the work done by the contractor at different times. Some of the important competences which engineers are required to have is to understand the dynamic of marketing changes regarding the change in materials quantities with time (Hull, Jackson Dickn 2005). The knowledge on quantifying of materials is important because it helps to analyse the cost effectiveness of the project. This ensures that the projects do not surpass the set budget. In a certain project, I was charged with measuring works in order to ensure the contractor was paid. This exercise was important since it ensured that the contractor would continue with work once paid. Learning to measure quantities of work was an important knowledge for me. How would you define an expert? (You may want to think of someone who you consider to be an expert at what they do). How long does it take to become an expert? How does someone do that? Is it study, experience, learning from experience? Experts are individuals who have specific knowledge in delivering some duties through professional ways. For instance, engineers are expert in engineering since they are able to discharge the specific duties in their field. An expert must have specific knowledge and educational background to discharge the duties (Gruenfeld Whitener 2013). They must have the relevant skills which are needed in that field to be experts. Time is needed for one to become an expert since they have to perfect the skills needed (Sands 2015). Studies and experience are both important for one to become an expert in their field. Engineers must study the concepts first and then learnt to implement them in real world. This makes them experts in their field. This course was able to teach me the specific skills which are needed to become better engineer. With these skills, I will be able to implement specific duties for common good. What new insights have you had through this reading? What new knowledge areas do you need to build? How do you see working with others to activate their knowledge bases, rather than trying to learn everything yourself? How can you develop those skills in the class this term? Reading has been important in enhancing my knowledge on engineering aspects. The dynamics of engineering are important in building the engineering knowledge. Engineers work as a team since the engineering projects involves different people with different roles. This makes it important for engineer to take role and teach the different skills and pass knowledge to different people (In Petrova 2014). Once as a project leader, I was able to ensure that all the people had the relevant knowledge to implement the project. This was able to lead to high quality project implementation. In addition, this was able to enhance the cost effectiveness of the project since few errors were made. Reading ensured that I got new ways to implement the project at the shortest time possible. Once, I experienced difficulties in project implementation and through reading I was able to get insight on the way to perform the task involved. What do you see as key behaviours in listening, seeing and reading? What are you really doing or trying to achieve? Listening, reading and seeing are important behaviours which enhance communication. They help engineers to grasps the important aspects in their work. As an engineer, I was once involved in a project where the project coordinator lacked the listening skills. During this period, the project implementation was important since communicating to the coordinator was a great challenge. It took long to come into agreement on what needed to be done since the coordinator would not listen to the views of other colleagues (Everest 2007). With those challenges in the project, I learnt that the views of other may prove to be important and therefore I always listen to the views from the colleagues. The event in that project led to delays in project implementation. I was able to understand the importance of the listening, seeing and reading skills. These skills ensure that I have different options to implement the project at different times. A key information literacy skill is to be able to read a section of text, organise the information and then write what it means in your own words. What is the process you use when you are carrying out research? How do you keep a record of what you have read? How do you go about writing what it means in your own words? Researching is one of the best ways to get different options in engineering projects. Engineers have to research and then translate the information to their own words. Understanding the concepts and aim of the research are the main concepts which are required. Research is important since it helps to come up with the relevant solutions to available problems. Writing short notes is important in translating the research in own words (Hatamura 2011). Once I was faced with a problem at work place about a design. I was able to use a previous design to come up with solution to my own design. With the knowledge of translating the research to own words, I am therefore capable to generating solutions to available problems. In what new ways do you now see collaboration? What skills are easy for you? (You may want to use some examples, e.g., you might have captained a sporting team.) What skills do you now realise you are still developing? How important have you found collaboration in your team project? What's worked well for you? What has been frustrating? Collaborations are important when different experts need to come together. They ensure that resources and knowledge are pulled together to achieve a common good (Weinstein, Whittington Leiba 2013). Once I was given the role to captain the school soccer team. I had to coordinate different members from different positions to ensure we won a tournament we were participating. Coordinating the team was one of the major skills I was able to exercise in this role. In addition, management skills was needed and I leant is needed to enhance my management skills to deliver on this task (Olsen and Mac Namara 2014). At different levels, I have seen the importance of management skills and working to improve. Realising the importance of these skills in collaboration has helped me to become a better leader for the team. Write briefly about a situation where you have had to instruct someone. This might be in the workplace or on a sporting team or another situation. How easy was that process? What were the difficulties? Offering instruction is a key role for engineers. Once in a project, I have to provide an instruction to a section leader on the way to provide formwork for curved beam. The design drawings seemed complex to the section leader and I had to elaborate the way to take the measurements to achieve the drawing design (In Bairaktarova In Eodice 2017). Since the drawings were detailed, instructing the leader on what to do was easy. Nevertheless, the section leader did not have the capacity to deliver and instruct the workers on measuring the different section to achieve the designed shape. Therefore I took the responsibility and went with the workers on the section and showed them the way to achieve the design shape for the beam. Instructing people with examples was the best way to pass the information. This is because after performing the task with the workers, the team leader was able to understand the instruction better. How do you see the process of collaboration in the workplace? What are the key skills? What do you find difficult and easy? What behaviours have you observed from people who you think are skilled in collaboration? How might you learn those skills? Collaborations at workplaces help to bring different skills and resources together. This helps to enhance better delivery to the goals set. Management skills and communication skills are most needed in collaborations. These skills help to ensure that the different teams collaborating are able to understand each other. Communicating and voicing out the concerns are important behaviour which are needed in collaborations (Pierce 2012). The skills and behaviours help to determine for how long the collaborations will last. Other skills which one is needed to acquire is the negotiation skills. The skills ensure that every team will feel benefiting from the collaboration. Once I was involved in bring two teams on board and I needed the negotiation skills to ensure that the collaboration was successful. Having learnt the negotiation skills helped me to lead the teams and bring them on board. Now that you have reviewed the skills and attributes of technical coordination, rate yourself against the various attributes and skills. What skills are you still developing? Technical coordination is important in engineering to understand technical details and implementation on projects. I can say that I am well skilled and have the relevant attributes on technical coordination. Analysis of the technical details is one of the important skills which I have and is needed in understanding the technical aspects of projects. In addition, coordinating skills ensures that the different details from different background are brought on board (Gibilisco, Crowhurst Crowhurst 2008). These are some of the important skills which are needed to ensure that technical delivery is achieved. Once as a site engineer, I was required to coordinate the different technical details to deliver on the project goal. I was able to bring all the details together and ensured that the project was successful. In addition, some other key skills which I am still developing include the management skills and communication skills. These are important to help becoming better managers in futur e. Carry out some individual research on at least one engineer who had a positive impact on society prior to 1920. By considering a major project that this engineer completed, reflect on the skills that they had in addition to technical skills. John Bradfield is one of the most influential engineer prior to 1920. He came up with the design and implementation of suspended bridge. During his time, he is well known for overseeing the design and building of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. This is considered a key project which was able to connect Sydney and North Sydney (Spearritt 2011). Being innovative and humble are some of the key characteristics which Bradfield was able to possess. Innovation skills were seen when he came up with the idea of suspended bridge on this location. He went ahead to supervise its construction and ensured that the project was a success. These skills are important to me as a future engineer. Engineers need to be able to come up with new ideas which are able to help the society. Briefly summarise, or draw a mindmap, to describe all the aspects of project management as you understand them. How will you (have you) apply them to your project? Project management involved coordination of the different activities and teams. Time management is an important aspect for the project management team. The project management involves coordinating the teams and activities and ensure activities are done at specified timeline. In addition, project management ensures that the cost effectiveness of the project and timeline completion is achieved (Hobbs 2015). Once, I was involved in project management for a project and the main target was to ensure that the project specifications were kept and quality work was delivered. Coordination of the different teams was done to ensure that the completion was done on time. In my project, I would use the negotiation skills to ensure that the different teams give their best to achieve quality work within the specified timeline. This project helped me to understand that the coordinating skills are important in the project management. In order to effectively manage a project, you also need to effective ly manage your own time. How effective do you believe you are at managing your time? What are your best and worst behaviours in terms of time management? Time management is an important aspect for project delivery. Projects are done within specified timeline and exceeding that timeline has proven to be costly for the projects (Tracy 2014). In a project I was involved, I was given a task which was urgent. I was in charge of a team of 50 workers. The task was to be done within 3 days and I was able to work hard with the team and delivered the task within 2 days. Proper management of time was the most important part which helped us to accounting the task within such short time. Knowing the targets is one of the best behaviour of achieving the time management aspect. On the other hand, long negotiation hours are one of the worst behaviour of time management (Tracy, 2014). With the knowledge in time management, I understand I am becoming a better manager in projects than before. Now that you've read this chapter, what were the stand-out ideas for you? Which ones have you used in the past? What were the new ideas? Which ones do you still not understand very well? What questions do you need answers to? Some of the stand-out ideas I have leant include the collaboration, communication, being an expert, researching and supervision ideas. Over the past, I have used my negotiation skills, communication, supervision and time management skills in projects. The projects I have been involved have utilized these skills. In addition, I have new ideas on researching and coordinating of technical details. These ideas are able to enhance my capacity as an engineer and helping me to deliver to the different roles. In addition, I need more understanding on the technical collaboration and listening roles. This will help me to become better engineer and help deliver to the different roles perfectly. In addition, questions on the enhancing my design capacities will help to deliver more as a design engineer. Carry out some individual research on at least one engineering project that went wrong and resulted in loss of life. Were appropriate risk management strategies were in place? What would you have done differently? One of the historical engineering project which went wrong and is always remembered is the titanic. The world biggest ship went wrong and all the faults are directed on the design aspects. The project management is involved in the analysis of the designs and ensure that the designs are able to take care of the forces involved and that failure will not be experienced. Appropriate risk management seems not to have been taken care of since the designers thought that the ship was too safe to capsize (Lubin 2009). According to details, safety was not the major aspect during design. Aesthetic took the lead role and this meant that risk management was not well focused. If I were involved in the project, aesthetic would have never become leading role. Considering the environment under which the ships have to operate, risks against knocks have to be considered and taken care of first. How do you understand sustainability in engineering? What is one application that you know of that leads to a 'better' engineering solution? How did you define better? All engineering projects are done to attain a certain level of sustainability. Sustainability is a factor which projects have to attain their value for money through effective use during their design life. Cost effectiveness and sustainability are essential factors which are focused for better engineering solution. Each project has to ensure that the benefits attained from the project are able to meet the benefits needed in the society (Johnson Gibson 2014). The benefits have to be more than the cost involved in the project implementation. Sustainability analysis is important to ensure that the projects are able to deliver to their mandate and help the society. The delivery issue is important for sustainability for the projects. My experience on project management ensured that sustainability is achieved. In addition, the knowledge on sustainability will enhance my focus to ensure implementation of project is well done. Now how do you understand the role of sustainability in engineering? What is one obvious application in your discipline of engineering? Sustainability plays a key role on ensuring that the value of money is achieved. In my discipline of civil engineering, one application of sustainability is to ensure that the project attains their safety measures. Sustainability ensures that the projects will be able to meet the design life and deliver to the design objectives (Yates Castro-Lacouture 2016). The sustainability is important because it ensures that the benefits will exceed the costs which are involved in the projects. On the projects I have been involved, structural sustainability has been a key focus to ensure that the projects will meet the design lifetime used. The design life is done with the sustainability factor in mind. The knowledge of sustainability will be useful during design of projects. In addition, during implementation, I will use the sustainability to ensure that the costs are minimized. All members of Engineers Australia commit to practice according to theCode of Ethics.Briefly discuss what the Code o f Ethics means to you. What would you do if your boss asked you to lie for them? What about if a customer was behaving in an unethical manner? Code of ethics provides the way engineers have to behave during the execution of their work. Honesty and integrity are some of the important values which the code of ethics focus on (In Murphy et al. 2015). Once during my time carrying out my duties, my boss asked me to lie to supplier who did not understand the aspects of the contractor to ensure that the company benefits. I was unable to so and I held a meeting with my boss and explained that it will be against the code of ethics to do so. In another instance, I met a client who was a behaving in unethical manner. I was able to cool the client down and explain the expectation we had on the clients conduct. The knowledge on ethical conduct will be important as I execute my duties. The code will always dictate the way I have to deal with other professionals while I execute my duties. Your values are important in determining how you might respond if you found yourself in a situation of ethical conflict. Try to identify at least two values that you believe have an impact on how you live and work. Honesty and integrity are some of the key important values which help me when dealing with unethical conduct situations. Unethical conducts are always available in different situations. The personal values are important to help in the way to solve those unethical practices (Armstrong, Dixon Robinson 2009). While delivering on my duties, I met a team which was engaging on use of unqualified personnel to deliver on projects. The team did not have the relevant knowhow and what was required. This meant that the team delivered substandard work. The contractor tries to bride me so that I could approve the work. My honesty and integrity values were able to help me to resolve the unethical value which the contractor was engaging on. These values help me in delivering quality work which is able to benefit all. In addition, in my life, the values help me to be genuine in my dealings and delivering to my clients. How do you see engineering being practised in your country of origin? Which of the ideas you've met so far have changed the way you think it should be practised? In Australia, the engineering practices are evolving and involving practices which are hand in hand with technological changes. The evolvement on the engineering practices and actions have ensured that is changing my perspectives and learn the new ways to deliver (Harms, Baetz Volti 2014). The use of current technologies in design is some of the ideas which I have been able to embrace during my delivery of services. These practices have ensured that I have perfected my practises in engineering and my delivery in my duties. At different occasions, the use of technological changes in engineering has ensured that I am able to deliver on my duties within the shortest time possible and therefore saving time and money. The technological changes are important aspects which I will embrace on different sections to ensure that I achieve the cost effectiveness of the duties allocated. The use of BIM has been critical in solving different aspects and ensuring that I deliver my services. Summari se key changes that you believe you would need to make to your work behaviours to be a more effective engineer in your country or in another country where you might be doing engineering. Embracing and utilizing technological changes are the most changes which I need to embrace to become better engineer in future. Engineer is dynamic and changing to ensure delivery is cost effective and on time. Technological improvements are able to enhance the achievement of these changes in engineering field (Dhillon 2010). The technological changes are becoming the pillar of projects designs and implementations at different countries. I believe utilizing the technological changes are important to ensure that I achieve the cost effectiveness and timely completion of the projects I am involved in. In addition, these skills will ensure that I am conversant with the recent technological practices and methods in engineering field. In addition, the technological changes will be important to ensure that I understand the dynamics of the engineering projects. This will ensure that I am able to understand the delivery level required and to what extend I will engage to perfect the work. What job seeking experiences have you had? Written applications? Interviews? What do you remember as some of the key questions that were asked? What were some typical selection criteria? Written applications are one of the major job seeking experiences I have had for a long time. Competence questions arise in every area as an engineer. Engineering is most relied on understanding the concepts and delivering them (Assessing student competence in accredited disciplines 2011). All the times, the questions on job sections have been how well do I understand the concepts and how well can I deliver. The selection criteria of the question ensure that the best person will be able to deliver to the tasks. Therefore, one needs to understand the concepts and the delivery of those concepts in real situations. Being involved in the written application exercises and being asked the questions have ensured I perfect my engineering skills and ensure that I deliver well on given tasks (In Sethy 2015). In future, I need to perfect the technological skills and ensure that I am able to deliver well on my goals. References Armstrong, J., Dixon, R., Robinson, S. 2009, The decision makers: Ethics for engineers. London: Thomas Telford Ltd. Assessing student competence in accredited disciplines. marketing, Dulles: Stylus Publishing. Aybet, G., Moore, R. R. 2010, NATO in search of a vision. Washington, D.C: Georgetown University Press. Dhillon, B. S. 2010, Creativity for engineers. Singapore: World Scientific Pub. Co. Everest, F. A. 2007, Critical listening skills for audio professionals. Boston: Thomson Course Technology. Gibilisco, S., Crowhurst, N. H., Crowhurst, N. H. 2008, Mastering technical mathematics. New York: McGraw-Hill. Gruenfeld, L, Whitener, B. 2013, The Expert. Blackstone Audio Inc. Harms, A. A., Baetz, B. W., Volti, R. 2014, Engineering in time: The systematics of engineering history and its contemporary context. London: Imperial College Press. Hatamura, Y. 2011, Decision-making in engineering design: Theory and practice. London: Springer. Hobbs, P. 2015, Project management. New York, New York : DK Publishing. Hull, E., Jackson, K., Dick, J. 2005, Requirements engineering. London: Springer. In Bairaktarova, D., In Eodice, M. 2017, Creative ways of knowing in engineering. Cham, Switzerland : Springer In Murphy, C., In Gardoni, P., In Bashir, H., In Harris, C. E., In Masad, E. 2015, Engineering ethics for a globalized world. Cham: Springer. In Petrova, V. M. 2014, Advances in engineering research: Volume 8. New York : Nova Publishers. In Sethy, S. S. 2015, Contemporary ethical issues in engineering. Hershey, PA: Engineering Science Reference, an imprint of IGI Global. Johnson, A., Gibson, A. 2014, Sustainability in engineering design: An undergraduate text. Waltham, MA: Academic Press. Lubin, D. M. 2009, Titanic. London: BFI Publ. Olsen, C. and Mac Namara S. C. 2014, Collaborations in architecture and engineering. New York (N.Y.) ; London : Routledge, cop. Pierce, J. 2012, Team collaboration: Using Microsoft Office for more effective teamwork. Redmond, Washington: Microsoft Press. Sands, B. E. 2015, Mount Sinai expert guides. Gastroenterology. Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom : John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Spearritt, P. 2011, The Sydney Harbour Bridge: A life. Sydney: Newsouth. Tracy, B. 2014, Time management. New York: American Management Association Weinstein, J., Whittington, C., Leiba, T. 2013, Collaboration in social work practice. London: Jessica Kingsley. Yates, J. K., Castro-Lacouture, D. 2016, Sustainability in engineering design and construction. Boca Raton ; London : Taylor Francis.

Wolfenstein 3D is a first-person shooter Essays - Software

Wolfenstein 3D is a first-person shooter video game developed by id Software and published by Apogee Software and HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FormGen" \o "FormGen" FormGen . Originally released on May 5, 1992, for MS-DOS , it was inspired by the 1981 Muse Software video game Castle Wolfenstein . In Wolfenstein 3D , the player assumes the role of Allied spy William "B.J." Blazkowicz during World War II as he escapes from the Nazi German prison Castle Wolfenstein and carries out a series of crucial missions against the Nazis. The player traverses through each of the game's levels to find an elevator to the next level or kill a final boss , fighting Nazi soldiers, dogs, and other enemies with knives, pistols, and other guns. Wolfenstein 3D was the second major release by id Software, after the Commander Keen series of episodes. In mid-1991, programmer John Carmack experimented with making a fast 3D game engine by restricting the gameplay and viewpoint to a single plane , producing HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hovertank_3D" \o "Hovertank 3D" Hovertank 3D and Catacomb 3-D as prototypes. After a design session prompted the company to shift from the family-friendly Keen to a more violent theme, programmer John Romero suggested remaking the 1981 stealth shooter Castle Wolfenstein as a fast-paced action game. He and designer Tom Hall designed the game, built on Carmack's engine, to be fast and violent, unlike other computer games on the market at the time. Wolfenstein 3D features artwork by Adrian Carmack and sound effects and music by Bobby Prince . The game was r eleased through Apogee in two sets of three episodes under the shareware model, in which the first episode is released for free to drive interest in paying for the rest. An additional episode, Spear of Destiny , was released as a stand-alone retail title through FormGen . Wolfenstein 3D was a critical and commercial success, garnering numerous awards and selling over 200,000 copies by the end of 1993. It is widely regarded as having helped popularize the first-person shooter genre and establishing the standard of fast-paced action and technical prowess for many subsequent games in the genre, as well as showcasing the viability of the shareware publishing model at the time. FormGen developed an additional two episodes for the game, while Apogee released a pack of over 800 fan-created levels. Id Software never returned to the series, but did license the engine to numerous other titles before releasing the source code for free in 1995, and multiple other games in the HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfenstein_(series)" \o "Wolfenstein (series)" Wolfenstein series have been developed by other companies since 2001.

Risk and Safety Management The WritePass Journal

Risk and Safety Management INTRODUCTION Risk and Safety Management INTRODUCTIONHS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MODELSRESERACH EVIDENCE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMBARRIERS TO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMCASE STUDY OF MY EXPERIENCE IN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMRESULTS OF EXPERIENCECONCLUSIONREFERENCESRelated INTRODUCTION The idea of occupational health and management systems is rather complex and several definitions exist. The debate about OSHMSs is evident that there is no universal knowledge of the concept of occupational health and safety management. Rather there exist many models and approaches which are frequently merely sub elements regarded as complete management systems. Although the fundamental objective is to improve the health and safety of employees, at a more indebt level, one can find a variety, for example by using prevention as a fundamental company objective, by projecting the employer’s responsibility or by improving the employees’ participation and their representatives. Occupational Health and Safety management system can be defined as   a set of harmonized and incorporated processes, that allows a business or organisation to be able to control and manage their occupational health and safety issues in a homogeneous, orderly and effective way. It also enables organisations to comply with the requirements of legislation and also to initiate current best practice. Because it uses a systems approach, it helps guarantee’s a reliable and systematic approach to health and safety management throughout an organisation. Implementing this type of system is an indication that an organisation is taking a coordinated approach to the prevention of occupational health and safety risks. It is a choice that explicitly sets out to:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Improve an institutions responsiveness and performance in OSH   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   purge or reduce health and safety failures   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   predict change   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ensure overall uniformity with other management policies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Contribute to improving the Company’s image. HS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MODELS There are two recommended approaches depending on the organisational needs of the business and with the objective that the approach will be integrated into the total management system.   One is based on successful health and safety management HS (G) 65. Another model is OHSAS 18001, the international standard for health and safety management systems. The international standard recognises HS (G) 65 and uses essentially identical principles. Both models are very similar with some minor differences. Effective health and safety management systems should have clear processes to follow, such as clear directives that describes who does what and when. Effective health and safety management systems should also have Control Forms in place that are used to control the important steps in the process. These should be simple, clear and easy to use as they will, when concluded, records that are necessary for the continues effectiveness of the management system. Some of the basic components of an effective management system are thus: 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   developing a sound policy, 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     organising, 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   developing procedures, 4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   monitoring performance and 5)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reviewing the effectiveness of the management system. The various models of management systems standards are in effect establish on the same values of management as those of general management. Management systems based on OHSAS 18001, AS 4801-2000 and ISO 14001 are   prescriptive than others that are base on HSG65 and, to a great extent, ILO-OSH 2001, which base greater concern to the responsibility of people in the management of occupational health and safety risks.    RESERACH EVIDENCE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Some research has been carried out to assess the effectiveness of Occupational health and safety management systems. Frick et al. (2000:2) pointed out that the lack of critical assessment is astonishing despite the fact that: ‘OHSM has evolved internationally as the major strategy to reduce the serious social and economic problem of ill-health at work’. On the other hand, there are some researches that base their findings on the effectiveness of OHSMS, and which will be grouped as the ‘effectiveness research’. The first (effectiveness research) is a project started in the late 1970s, by researchers at the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in the USA to look at the different characteristics of companies with outstanding health and safety performance. In the first two stages of the research, matched pair comparisons were undertaken of safety programme practices in companies with high and low injury rates (Cohen et al., 1975; Smith et al., 1978). The third stage of the research looked at the health and safety programmes of five companies with commendable health and safety performance (Cohen Cleveland, 1983). Some sensitive issues were identified in the NIOSH research and other research linking the practise of health and safety management with injury result data (Simonds Shafai-Sahrai, 1977; Viner et al., 1989; Gallagher, 1994; Zohar, 1980; Chew, 1988; Shannon et al., 1996; Simard Marchand, 1995; Eyssen et al., 1980). Research findings of the studies suggest the fundamental and critical role played by senior management employees (managers) in successful health and safety management systems, the role of effective communication, employee participation and consultation in the whole process. Another research conducted in the nuclear industry have identified further conditions for the effectiveness of health and safety management systems. Marcus’ (1988:251) research of externally induced health and safety innovations in nuclear power companies following an incident (Three Mile Island incident) found autonomy to be a fundamental factor for the effectiveness of Health and safety management system. Nichols and Marcus (1990) in their research emphasize the eventual negative impact of the lack of management attention from vital production and safety requirements. There are some factors that stand against the adoption of effective health and safety management systems. These include: -the difficulties faced by small firms, -subcontracting arrangements, and -contemporary labour market changes. Research conducted in Australia by Gallagher (2000) was based on the relationship between OHS type and system performance. This is the only major empirical research of health and safety management system effectiveness in Australian industry. Research evidence was collected in the mid 1990s from some twenty organisations that had implemented an occupational health and management systems. The systems in these organisations were grouped according to Gallagher’s cross typology based on management structure/style and control strategy. Performance was then evaluated using three criteria Incident/claims trends, -changes in performance relative to industry benchmarks, and An assessment through an audit tool based upon Safety MAP. The research findings suggest the type of occupational health and safety management system may influence its effectiveness or failure. There was a tendency for innovative/safe place enterprises (adaptive hazard managers) to perform better than traditional/safe person enterprises (unsafe act minimisers). Adaptive hazard managers stand out from the remainder by the vigour of their focus on elimination of hazard as the underlying purpose of their system activity. They had an organised approach to the management of hazard for the full spectrum of hazards, in contrast to other cases where systems activity variously had an underlying risk management or cultural change purpose, or appeared to be base at improving the health and safety system as an end in itself. Gallagher’s findings strengthen the results of the various ‘effectiveness’ research that highlight the important role played by top managers and of employee participation and engagement ‘’That the most senior managers should drive health and safety change and that health and safety representatives should move away from the margins of health and safety management, into more mainstream health and safety management planning, implementation and review.’’ In his analysis of the Esso gas plant disaster, Hopkins’ (2000) provides a thorough case study of how lack of management commitment can cause a system to fail in practice. Esso had its own occupational health and safety management in place called Operational Integrity Management System (OIMS), once complemented by many as an ideal system and one which company audits suggested was operating at peak level. Reviewing material from the Longford Royal Commission, Hopkins identifies a number of failures in the Esso system that directly contributed to the disaster: 1)   Defective auditing processes, 2) Failure to adequately identify hazards and assess risks, 3) A hands-off management strategy, 4) Absence of procedures to deal with the immediate set of incidents, 5) Inadequate training, 6) Poor communication mechanisms 7) Inadequate hazard reporting system. All the above can in a sense be seen as some of the barriers to the effectiveness of an occupational health and safety management system. Hopkins (2000:147) on the other hand challenges the critics of Occupational health and safety management systems who argue that the Esso disaster discredits the idea of an OHS management system and points instead to the need for ‘organisational mindfulness’, an idea said to account for the reliability of high reliability organisations. Hopkins suggests that mindfulness can strengthen an OHSMS by highlighting the aspects of health and safety management that are essential for high reliability. A further research by Dell (2000) was out to identify the conditions of an effective OHSMS and the needed interventions to ensure the systems characteristics are well understood and applicable to industry. Dell draws the differences between proactive and reactive systems, the later marked by reactive activity following an incident; the former by proactive hazard management linked to quality and continuous improvement philosophy. Of the fifteen companies assessed, more than half have no management focus on health and safety and high levels of legislative non-compliance and no fundamental system in place.   Of the remaining companies with some sort of system in place, the systems are mainly reactive in nature with no indication of proactive logical hazard or risk management activity. System performance remains difficult to separate given these sub-optimal conditions. BARRIERS TO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM The evidence from research suggests that Occupational Health and Safety management systems are likely to fail because of the following reasons: 1).The inability to meet primary conditions for Occupational health and management systems effectiveness (by not customising systems to organisational needs, imposition without consultation, relax top management commitment and non-employee involvement). 2).The inapt utilisation of audit tools (where they become an end in themselves, are base on misdirected management goals, and are conducted without any expert auditor skills, standards and criteria). 3). Application of the system in hostile contexts (small business, precarious employment, contractors and labour hire companies). CASE STUDY OF MY EXPERIENCE IN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM These case studies are base on my experience on a review which was undertaken by ASHMAN ASSOCIATES LTD CAMEROON between 2001 and 2009. These studies include: 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A review of occupational health and safety management systems used within the Cameroonian chicken processing industry. 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An evaluation of injury prevention within a large governmental department with multiple locations across Cameroon. 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The development of a strategic plan for injury prevention within a large governmental departmental involved in the running of detention centres. 4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The approach towards injury prevention with the Douala reference hospital 5)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A manufacturing company involved with the making and distribution of textiles. Each of these case studies involved an objective of assessing the effectiveness of the occupational health and safety systems for developing an injury prevention model suitable for the culture and hazards associated with the respective workplaces. Each project primarily involved the following methodology: 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A review of the workplace’s injury history for the previous three to six years and identification of the primary types of injuries as well as their location and causal agents. 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A review of incident reports and safety committee minutes, as well as consultation with key stakeholders in identifying the variety of hazards that is evident within the respective workplace. 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A series of walk-through inspections and audits of targeted areas within the workplaces. 4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Technical assessments based on a risk management approach for identifying hazards, with assessing based on legislative and best practice models, and development of appropriate risk controls. 5)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Maintaining consultation with the stakeholders throughout the risk assessment approach and monitoring the adoption and evaluation of recommendations. 6)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Integrating the results of the risk assessments into a range of appropriate business plans relevant for the size and scope of issues managed in the business. 7)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Debriefing the senior management of the organisation on the major findings and recommendations. 8)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Developing key performance indicators, in consultation with the stakeholder groups, to ensure an approach of ongoing implementation and continuous improvement with respect to addressing injury prevention in the workplace. RESULTS OF EXPERIENCE On the basis of the research conducted in these workplaces, a range of business imperatives were clearly identified within those companies which were successful in addressing occupational health risks. The key imperatives were as follows: 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Management commitment and active participation 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Participation of the employees 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Setting of goals and measuring performance 4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Integration of Occupational health and safety strategies into business plan 5)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Positive feedback and recognition of achievements. The commitment of senior management and their participation in the prevention systems was vital. The direct involvement and commitment of the senior management was the major determinant within specific workplaces as to the level of improvement and sustained performance in injury management. Without their commitment and participation, the prevention appeared to achieve a ‘glass ceiling’ above which the performance appeared not to improve. This was particularly evident where responsibility for OHS management was delegated to a ‘middle level’ manager, in particular those with non-operational responsibilities, such as human resource managers or OHS officers. The successful integration of OHS with other management systems will ensure that the long term objectives of the organisation incorporate a desire to develop OHS initiatives through each stage of the design and development process. It is evident from these case studies that the five basic imperatives outlined should be key components of a system which will produce a sustained focus on injury prevention. Many of the OHS management systems available on the market were found to be too complex and too time consuming and costly to implement and maintain for the majority of the businesses assessed. However, the requirement of at least a simple system which contains these key imperatives would seem a sensible starting place for organisations contemplating a programme focusing on injury prevention at the workplace level. CONCLUSION Implicit in many of the research reviewed above to show the effectiveness of Occupational Health and Safety management system is the finding that OHSMS sometimes work under the appropriate conditions. It also alludes to the significant importance of top management commitment and employee involvement in the whole process. A general agreement also emerged that the effectiveness of Occupational health and safety management systems depends on concrete top management commitment and employee involment which were relentlessly described as essential and inter-linked. Top management commitment is regarded as a pre-requisite for embarking on a systems approach in the first place. Without this whole concept of top management commitment, an OHS management system cannot be effective or is likely to collapse into a token exercise. Employee consultation and Involvement was also considered equally important to its effectiveness.    REFERENCES Cohen, A., Smith, B., Cohen, A. (1975) Safety Program Practices in High vs. Low Accident Rate Companies An Interim Report, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Publication No 75-185, Cincinatti. Cohen, H., Cleveland, R. (1983) Safety Program Practices in Record-Holding Plants, Professional Safety, March, 26-32. Dell, G. (2000) Current Safety Management Practice: Does a Systematic Approach Deliver? Paper presented at the First National Conference on Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems, UWS, Sydney. K. Frick P. Jensen M. Quinlan T. Wilthagen (Eds.) Systematic OHS Management: Perspectives on an International Development, Elsevier, Amsterdam. Gallagher, C. (1997) Health and Safety Management Systems: An Analysis of System Types and Effectiveness, National Key Centre in Industrial Relations, Monash University, Melbourne Gunningham, N., Johnstone, R. (1999) Regulating Workplace Safety: System and Sanctions, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Health and Safety Executive (1991) Successful Health and Safety Management, HMSO, London. Hopkins, A. (2000) Lessons from Longford: The Esso Gas Plant Explosion, CCH Australia Limited, Sydney.

What does it really cost to attend Princeton University?

As one of the top universities in the nation, Princeton University is an extremely attractive option for high-achieving students. If your student plans on applying to Princeton, you’re probably wondering if your family will be able to afford the cost of education or if your student will end up burdened with debt. Although prestigious private colleges often have higher costs than public institutions overall, very few students pay the listed â€Å"cost of attendance.† Instead, you’ll want to look at the net cost to you—what families like yours typically pay out-of-pocket—and how different types of aid will contribute to your net cost. We’re breaking down what it really costs to attend Princeton University, and we’ll show you how your net cost may differ depending on your household income or if your student is a resident of New Jersey. We’ll give you the information you need so you can make an informed decision about whether Princeton is an affordable option for your family. If you were to take a look at Princeton’s website , you may experience some sticker-shock when you see the estimated cost for one year of attendance. When you multiply it by three to five years, depending on how long your student plans on being in college, the price can really add up! The cost of attendance, or what we affectionately call the list price, includes tuition, room, board, and other miscellaneous costs of living. For the 2016-2017 year, the estimated cost of attendance for in-state and out-of-state students at Princeton was the same, around $63,690. That said, most families do not pay the list price at any institution, whether it’s Princeton or another school. Typically, families with an annual household income over $175,000 tend to pay list price; if merit aid is offered at the school and their student qualifies, families can expect to pay less than list price. (As a heads up, Princeton doesn’t offer merit aid) In this post, we’ll go over some other ways to save that can help any family, regardless of income, reduce their net cost. Hopefully knowing that you’re unlikely to pay the full list price has offered some relief. So what can you expect to pay once you factor in financial aid? Again, based on the 2016-2017 data, the average net cost for students with financial aid, either in-state or out-of-state, was $51,920. Your particular net cost is highly dependent on your household income, which will qualify your student for more or less financial aid. These are the average net prices for a student based on annual household income: There are generally two broad types of financial aid: merit aid and need-based aid. If you’re unfamiliar with the term â€Å"merit aid,† it’s a form of financial aid offered to students who have performed exceptionally well academically—like having a high GPA or standardized test score—or who have some other exceptional personal accomplishment. These could be for students’ accomplishments in activities like sports and art, for their demonstrated leadership, or for completing a high number of community service hours. As we said before, Princeton does not offer merit aid to any students , since most of the students who are admitted to Princeton are similarly accomplished both academically and personally. This means that if your family does not have any demonstrated financial need, you can expect to pay the full list price. Because of its strict need-based policy, Princeton ranks 927th out of over 1000 schools we analyzed for merit aid generosity. You can review Princeton’s financial aid policies on their website . Even students with only a moderate level of need will often need to find a way to cover the remaining educations costs. Just over half of the students at Princeton take out loans, around 55% of students, and the average size of the federal loans per undergraduate is $427. Many students find other ways to cover the cost of their education without taking on a large amount of debt, which we cover in greater detail below. Given the significant financial investment that you would be making if your student chooses to attend Princeton, you might be curious to know whether most students graduate and how much they can expect to earn after graduation. Luckily, 96% of students at Princeton graduate within 6 years, and graduates tend to earn a higher salary in the long term. After ten years, the average Princeton graduate earns around $74,700 a year.   Estimating your chance of getting into a college is not easy in today’s competitive environment. Thankfully, with our state-of-the-art software and data, we can analyze your academic and extracurricular profile and estimate your chances. Our profile analysis tool can also help you identify the improvement you need to make to enter your dream school. For some, it may still seem that the price of a Princeton education is too high a cost to justify. However, we’ve only looked at two main sources of aid so far: institutional and federal aid, which in Princeton’s case are both need-based. That said, your student can supplement the cost of college by applying for private scholarships with the help of their high school counselor or by working with a company like . These scholarships, which are often merit-based, are administered by corporations and nonprofit organizations and will award scholarships to students with high academic potential or extraordinary talent. You may even want to ask your employer if there are scholarships available specifically for the children of employees. One example of a nonprofit-hosted scholarship is the prestigious National Merit Scholarship . In order to qualify, your student must: Not only could scoring well on the PSAT lower the cost of attendance, but it can also help them perform well on the SAT, which can open up other scholarship opportunities. Another thing to consider when determining the affordability of a school is the area’s cost of living and the local economy. New Jersey, as a whole, has a higher cost of living index than other states in the country at 132.6, and Princeton’s cost of living index is even higher at 217.8, meaning it’s nearly twice as expensive to live in Princeton than it is in the United States in general. Princeton requires all students to live on-campus during their first and second years of college, after which they may choose to move off-campus. Many students choose to live on-campus all four years, but for the students who move off-campus they can expect to pay a premium to live in Princeton. Here are the average monthly rents for apartments in Princeton: Although the rent may seem high, some students find it more affordable to live off-campus if they split the cost with friends. For example, if we add Princeton’s room charge and residential fee and divide it by 12, we find that students are paying about $918 a month for on-campus housing. If they rent a three-bedroom apartment and split it with two friends, they will pay about $808 a month. If your student might consider living off-campus, it’s important to have an informed conversation about how this decision might impact the costs to your family. According to the Economic Policy Institute , the hourly minimum wage in New Jersey is currently $8.85. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics , the average hourly wage across all occupations is $20.43. It’s difficult for students to cover the cost of their education with a part-time job, especially if they are enrolled full-time and pursuing extracurricular activities on-campus. However, every little bit helps reduce the net cost to your family. When it comes to helping your student select and apply for college, there are so many factors to consider. Along with affordability, you’ll want to consider the educational opportunities that schools like Princeton provide for students, and if the school makes sense for your student’s specific goals. That’s where can help. As a part of our College Applications Program, we help students figure out how to make any school more affordable using our Finances tool, which can show the ROI of different schools and majors and help students identify scholarships to apply for. On average, our students earn about $83,000 in scholarships, which can really help make their academic dreams a reality. Find out if working with our Financial Aid Tools is right for your family!

The circulation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The circulation - Coursework Example The aorta is separated from the aorta by the aortic semilunar valve that allows blood to only flow from the ventricles and not back. Many arteries then branch from the aorta to circulate rich oxygenated blood to all parts of the body. This pathway of blood through blood vessels, body parts, and body organs except the lungs is referred to as systemic circulation. Systemic circulation is responsible for carrying blood to the neck, head, and other organs in the body. It exchanges oxygen in it with carbon dioxide from the body tissues. Blood then flows via atria system and then to the capillaries. Blood flows in a series of veins and eventually flows to the right side of the heart. Two large veins; superior vena cava (drains the upper surface) and inferior vena cava (drains the lower body) collect blood from systemic circulation and dump the deoxygenated blood to the right atrium (Zamir 2006). Blood then passes through the right atrium to the right ventricle through tricuspid valve then out of the right contracting ventricle via pulmonary semilunar valve to a pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery branches into arteries that carry blood with deficient oxygen to the lungs. Blood with plenty oxygen and reduced carbon dioxide then returns to the left atrium of the heart repeating the

Book Review of the Omnivore's Dilemma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book Review of the Omnivore's Dilemma - Essay Example The book raises myriad inquisitions which evolve from the genius mind of Pollan regarding the nature of diet for the Omnivores and satisfy thereby those inquisitions in a very simple and straightforward way. The Review Omnivores are the consumers of the divergent varieties of food. They are the most unselective species when it comes down to diet. Conscious humans, being omnivores, generally face dilemma regarding their choice of food. Pollan tried his best to quench this confusion in human mind through his detailed research regarding the food chain and nature of consumption prevailing in humans. Pollan throws light widely on the nature and types of industrial foods, organic foods and the food that humans look for themselves. The detailed research work captivated within the pages of the enlightening document by Pollan, â€Å"The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals† throws light on the sources of the meals in omnivores to the transition of those sources in to a final complete meal for humans. Moreover, amid the process of evolving the procedure of the transition of various scattered food materials into complete meals, Pollan was successful in developing and identifying a healthy account of American way of eating.

Case Study for AcuScan, Inc :: Business Management Essays

Case Study for AcuScan, Inc I am the newly hired Vice President of Organizational Development. My responsibilities include creating the Organizational Development Department. I look forward to working with all of you especially with finding a new and improved product based on our already developed retinal scanning system iScanner. First of all I am going to discuss assumptions made by Kelly Thomas, Pat Lambert, Cliff O’Connor and Chris Martinas. After each employee assumptions will be their arguments and my evaluation of whether the argument is sound or unsound and why. Kelly Thomas – Senior Engineer, Product Development 1. Assumed that Pat, Director of Marketing knew nothing about QC (quality control). 2. Assumed that all the features for the retinal scanner could not be developed in the time frame allotted. 3. Assumed that due to lay-offs last year they would not have the staff to develop a new product. 4. Assumed the customer would be â€Å"short changed† because the company may not be able to comply with the customers expectations. 5. Assumed Pat did not have any technology experience because his past experience was with the cereal business. 6. Assumed Pat was going behind his back because Pat spoke to the programmers first without consulting with Kelly.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kelly argued that new product was much more complicated to produce than Pat had implied. He also argued that Pat had no understanding as to how the iScanner worked and would have a better understanding if Pat took the time to involve him in other areas of the business not just marketing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kelly’s argument was logical and sound because he based his decision on the time it took the staff to develop the iScanner. Past history of creating a new product can give you an idea of how long it would take to produce a new product. He also did not want to jeopardize his reputation or the company’s by producing and inadequate product. Pat Lambert – Director of Marketing 1. Assumed the new product would be a simple addition to the new product. 2. Assumed programmers had plenty of time to work on new product even though he knew staff was cut last year. 3. Assumed because they were not agreeing with him they were not committed to the new product. 4. Assumed that the job could be done by outside contractors in the specified time frame. Also with money being a problem. 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Assumed a meeting would resolve all problems. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Assumed the customer would be happy with whatever product was developed and launched.

Aaliyah – original writing on the life of the singer

â€Å"I don't think about my success. I'm happy that the work I've done in the past has been very successful. All I can do is leave it in God's hands and hope my fans feel where I'm coming from. I took the time to give my all.† – Aaliyah Haughton. As I sit listening to the infectious, sensuous harmonies of Aaliyah's smooth R & B, I wonder why it had to happen. Why did someone so young with such amazing talent, strength and the potential to carry on rising higher and higher, have to be taken from us? The lyrics swirl around in my head, saying more about the real Aaliyah than any media report could ever attempt. Her tragically shortened life followed the message from within one of her most famous songs, â€Å"If at first you don't succeed, dust yourself off and try again.† Aaliyah Dana Haughton was born on January 16th, 1979 in Brooklyn, New York. Her Grandmother would tell stories of how she was special straight out of the womb; born with a full head of hair. Aaliyah lived in Brooklyn for five years until, together with her parents and older brother, she was moved to Detroit where they could be closer to family. Her devoted mother gave up her teaching job to care for Rashad and Aaliyah full time. Aaliyah was introduced to music at a very young age; her mother would play Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye and other such legends while she worked around the house. It wasn't long before Aaliyah was joining in, having learnt all the words off by heart. She was just six years old when her talent for singing was recognized by her mother. Before she even started school, the services of a voice coach had been secured for her. Aaliyah spent most of her pre-teen years between singing in school plays and auditioning for various small television projects. At the tender age of only eight or nine she was charming people all around Michigan with her sweet, angelic voice, belting out songs during weddings. Aaliyah sang the very songs she listened to at home, while people sat in awe, eagerly anticipating the time her voice would mature to its full potential. Her first downfall came when she was just eleven years of age. Aaliyah landed a spot on the nationally syndicated talent show, Star Search. She chose to sing ‘My Funny Valentine†, a soul classic that she had often heard her mother singing, ‘That was my Mommy's song and I wanted to be like my Mommy' she said, remembering the experience during an interview. The high hopes she and her family had for victory where shattered when Aaliyah lost, and was ripped apart just as any other child would have been. However, without any falls no lessons could be learnt. With lots of encouragement from her mother, Aaliyah began to understand a prospect of great importance, one that would guide her through not only her musical career, but every aspect of her life. Never give up. It was only a matter of months before the bright, upcoming star was on the rise again. At the time her uncle, Barry Hankerson, was married to Gladys Knight. Some people slated Aaliyah for this, claiming she only got onto the music scene because she knew the right people, but without her outstanding talent, none of her future success would have been possible. Hankerson took his niece to perform with Gladys Knight for five nights at Bally's Las Vegas Casino. Here, the two would duet on Believe In Yourself and Aaliyah would sing solos. Remembering she was still only eleven at the time, she was nervous and hardly moved on the first night. Her aunt helped her, teaching Aaliyah how to work a crowd and loosen them up. Two years later came the meeting that would set Aaliyah's career on fire. Barry Hankerson introduced his niece to R. Kelly, a performer he was managing at the time. Kelly fell in love with her beautiful voice, going on to become her mentor. He ended up writing and producing all the tracks on her debut album, Age Ain't Nothing But A Number. And it wasn't – not many people can boast a completed album at just thirteen years of age. The process of selling the album began but, once again, expectations of Aaliyah were not fulfilled. Many record companies passed on the album – a setback very hard to take at such a vulnerable age. Her confidence was dented but her strength was not; Aaliyah was prepared to give things another go. Hankerson created his own label, Blackground Records especially for his niece. There was no way he was going to give up on her; she was far too special to let go. In 1994 the album was released, catching the world's attention. Her first single, Back And Forth reached number one on the R&B/Hip-Hop chart, dethroning her mentor. Other singles followed including At Your Best (You Are Love), Down With The Clique, and the adulterated title track. Her sound was new and fresh to the music world, her unique mystique captivating listeners. The artist herself liked to describe her music as ‘street but sweet'. With the success of her debut album Aaliyah's spirits soared. She had kept information about her age (she was just fifteen at the time) concealed, as she wanted her triumphs to be based solely on her talent. She did not seek any advantages because she was, ‘really good for someone so young'. Unfortunately her decision to withhold such facts was taken in the wrong way. Vicious rumors arose, slowing down album sales and threatening to thwart a prosperous career. The provocative nature of Age Ain't Nothing But A Number combined with a little bit of media imagination and the mystery of her age sparked a frenzy of stories about a relationship between Aaliyah and twenty-five-year-old R. Kelly. Tales of marriage and even pregnancy were spread. All were denied. The storm settled and three years passed, leaving many wondering what Aaliyah's next project would be. She teased fans with numerous guest appearances, singing songs from soundtracks and building them up for the time she would truly return, stronger then ever. Aaliyah left R. Kelly behind to prove, more to herself than to anyone else, that she had grown as an artist and could make it without him. Perhaps the rumors that had at one point looked like they could destroy her had in fact been a Godsend. Would Aaliyah have made this choice if tales of something more than a good friendship and working partnership between the two hadn't sprung up? Whatever her reasons, the change was for the best. She teamed up with the then unknown Missy Elliot and Timbaland and, between the three, a new sound was created, once again irresistible to fans. They blended rough Hip-Hop beats with Aaliyah's silky, laid-back vocals, the voice of an angel. The result was a sassy, sexy, sophomore album, One In A Million. The album went double platinum, putting her among the superstars of the music industry and silencing critics in their questions as to whether or not she had been just a ‘one hit wonder.' The first single from the album, If Your Girl Only Knew, went straight to number one on the R&B/Hip-Hop chart, followed by four other singles including the number one radio play title track. Aaliyah never let the fame go to her head. Between all her musical commitments she still found time for her family, friends and schoolwork. In June 1997 Miss Haughton graduated from the Detroit High School for the Fine and Performing arts, just one A-grade away from a perfect grade score. She had always set her sights so high and her determination paid off. She worked hard through hard times as well as the good, and brought her dreams to life. She truly was one in a million. It was time for Aaliyah to turn her attention to Hollywood. She began by sticking to her music, recording Journey To The Past for the Anastasia soundtrack and then the contagious, Grammy nominated, number one hit song, Are You That Somebody, from the Dr. Dolittle soundtrack. With that track, she really got a taste for the mainstream and took a hiatus from the music world to team up with Joanne Baron, an acting coach. With Baron's help, Aaliyah's talent for acting was revealed and, by 1999, she was flying to Vancouver to shoot her debut film, Romeo Must Die. She starred alongside Jet Li in the adrenalin-stoked/Hip-Hop action flick, in which she was the executive producer of the soundtrack. From this came Try Again, the song that followed the story of her life. The lyrics came straight from her heart, from the lessons she had learnt. These qualities took the single all the way, reaching number one on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart, the first single ever to do so based on Airplay a lone. Romeo Must Die sparked rave reviews and her acting skills were soon sought throughout Hollywood. Her next film was the novel-based Queen Of The Damned. Baron recalls the memory of Aaliyah during the audition process, ‘She put her heart, her time, her love and her life into it. She just ripped it out.' It was her second starring role in just her second motion picture, displaying to the world she was more than just a crossover singer/actress. So much more. The release of the completed film was fervently awaited. Little did anyone know that Aaliyah wouldn't be there to witness its success. Whilst shooting Queen Of The Damned, Aaliyah simultaneously recorded her third, self-titled album. She was not put off or daunted by her doubled workload, choosing instead to put her all into both projects, as she had always done. Aaliyah was well aware of her presence, or lack of it, in the music world; it had been five years since the release of One In A Million. She released the dark, feisty, first single, We Need A Resolution, warming fans up, preparing them for what was to come. Aaliyah was released on July 17, debuted at number two in the charts and, in it's first week alone, sold over 200,000 copies. Blackground Records planned to release Rock The Boat and More Than A Woman as back-to-back singles; they were getting heavy rotational airplay and already an awesome response from listeners. It seemed nothing could stop her. It was August the 25th, 2001. Aaliyah had just finished shooting the island themed video for Rock The Boat in The Bahamas. Another video completed; another accomplishment. The set was laid-back and, together with the film crew and dancers, Aaliyah was enjoying herself, chatting, laughing and winding down. Her work done, Aaliyah decided to head home a day early, anxious to be with her beloved family before heading back to promote the album. Her parents and brother had always been there for her and it had been a while since she had managed to get back to them. The arrangements were made; she would leave that day along with eight others. The small Cessna 402 departed from the Marsh Harbour airport, bound for Opa-locka, Florida. It had been airborne for only a short while when, suddenly, it crashed. Six of the eight were killed instantly. Aaliyah was among them. Nobody knows just what it was that made the plane crash that day. Nobody could understand why it had to happen. Why Aaliyah, why someone so talented, so determined, so beautiful? There were so many questions and so few answers. At just twenty-two years of age Aaliyah, a daughter, a sister, a friend, a star, was gone. Disbelief, anger and, most of all, a great sense of sorrow and grief spread with the news. She had lived her life like an angel, fallen from the heavens. Through her life she rose and fell and now she had risen for the final time. We can only hope that, when the time came, she knew how much she was loved. Aaliyah will never be forgotten. Through her music and her memory, she will live on. The album in the CD player draws to a close. It is an album that she never saw released, an album that wouldn't even have been put together if she was still with us; a tribute to Aaliyah, I Care For You. Visions of her float by with the music and songs take on a whole new meaning now she's gone. When Miss You is played, instead of thinking of the singer's lost love, we think of ours, Aaliyah. Every note she sang was a part of her and with every song we understand more about her. She was a star in every sense of the word and I believe she continues to be so even now; still a star, shining brightly down on us. There is no doubt in my mind that this angel lived up to the true meaning of her name, ‘The highest, most exalted one.' The best. Aaliyah.

Weapons Of World War 2 Essay - 1770 Words

As the world went into World War One, it faced new technological advances that turned the view of battle forever. With the invention of many new killing machines, soldiers were now in the deadliest battlefields ever. From artillery blasts to machine gun fire, from air power to biological and weapons of mass destruction, the outcome of World War One would be deadly. It would be the first war to be the greatest motivator for technology at the beginning of the century. Rifles and Pistols One of the most important and common weapons was of course the Rifle and Pistol. Rifles and pistols were large and significant part of the war.†¦show more content†¦It was the primary German infantry rifle in both world wars, and was known for its excellent accuracy and range of 800 meters. For this reason it continued to be used with a scope as a sniper rifle. The 98k had disadvantages like being bulky and heavy and slow rate of fire, due to the bolt-action mechanism. It was also designed to be used with a bayonet. The 98K rifle holds five rounds of 7.9mm in a clip. The Luger was the standard German pistol. Developed by George Luger, it became the worlds most widely used military handgun. The Luger fired a 7-round clip of 9mm ammunition. It is estimated that 1.5 million Lugers were produced in Germany during the First World War. The Lee-Enfield was first rifle introduced in 1907 and by the beginning of the First World War as the British Armys main infantry weapon. The Lee-Enfield could be aimed accurately over about 600 meters but could still kill someone over 1,400 metros away. Later on, it would be designed to be used with a bayonet. The British pistol, actually more of a revolver was the Webley MkIV. All officers in the British Army carried the weapon. They were also issued to the military police, aircrew and people in tanks and armored cars. Originally designed in 1887, but improved during the war, the Webley was a strong, heavy weapon. 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